The pituitary gland is a small, pea-sized organ located at the base of the brain that plays a pivotal role in regulating critical body functions and general wellbeing. Often referred to as the “master gland,” it governs the activity of most other glands in the endocrine system and produces hormones that influence growth, metabolism, reproduction, mood, and more.
Specifically, the pituitary gland has two lobes that serve distinct purposes:
- The anterior lobe produces and secretes hormones including adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH). These hormones target other glands to stimulate essential processes like the stress response, thyroid activity, growth, lactation, and sexual development.
- The posterior lobe releases oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which play roles in childbirth, lactation, water retention, and blood volume/pressure regulation.
Proper functioning of the pituitary is vital from before birth into advanced age. For example, the adequate biosynthesis and secretion of development-influencing hormones like GH and sex hormones during childhood, adolescence, and puberty enable the maturational changes associated with those phases of life. Later on, the right balance of hormones supports bone health, fertility, pregnancy, and other aspects of wellness.
When the pituitary malfunctions due to tumors, inflammation, injury, or other insults, it can give rise to concerning
endocrine disorders with systemic effects. If you suspect pituitary issues based on persistent symptoms like irregular menstrual cycles, erectile dysfunction, chronic fatigue, changes in skin or hair, unexplained weight changes, or disruptions in mental health, schedule an exam with an endocrinologist. State-of-the-art testing available at
Hormone Harmony Clinic can accurately diagnose pituitary gland dysfunction to inform targeted, personalized treatment planning aimed at restoring balance and optimized function. Our compassionate, multidisciplinary providers leverage the latest scientific understanding of the gland’s pivotal role to help patients reclaim wellbeing.