Mood disorder

What is a mood disorder?

A mood disorder is a mental health condition that primarily affects a person's persistent emotional state. Mood disorders can dramatically impact daily functioning and quality of life. The two main categories are depressive disorders and bipolar disorders.

Depressive Disorders

Depressive disorders involve feeling sad, empty, hopeless or irritable most of the time. Examples include:

• Major depressive disorder: Characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, emptiness, guilt or worthlessness. Other common symptoms are fatigue, lack of concentration, changes in sleep and appetite.


• Persistent depressive disorder: A depressed mood present most days for at least two years.


• Seasonal affective disorder: Depression that follows a seasonal pattern, typically occurring in winter.

Bipolar Disorders

Bipolar disorders involve shifts between high and low mood episodes. Examples include:

• Bipolar I disorder: Characterized by extremes of mania (elevated mood and energy) and depression.


• Bipolar II disorder: Involves milder manic episodes alternating with depressive episodes.


• Cyclothymic disorder: Chronic, fluctuating mood shifts between mild mania and depression that don't reach full bipolar disorder criteria.

Treatment typically involves medication, psychotherapy, and lifestyle changes. Getting an accurate diagnosis is essential. If you or a loved one are struggling with mood issues, please reach out to a mental health professional.

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Additional Details

Some key points about mood disorders:

• They can be effectively managed with proper treatment and support.


• Stress and major life changes can trigger episodes.


• Genetics, brain structure and family history often play a role.


• Talk therapy helps people develop coping strategies.


• With discipline and self-care, many are able to thrive.

In summary, mood disorders encompass conditions like depression and bipolar disorder. They are fairly common and treatable, but getting an accurate diagnosis is critical. Reach out if you have any other questions!